The bladder’s glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer acts as a protective barrier against irritation and bacterial adhesion. When this lining is compromised, inflammation and recurring urinary issues become more likely. Introduction When dogs experience recurring urinary issues, the focus often turns to bacteria, urine pH, or supplements. But none of those address the surface those bacteria must … Continue reading The Bladder’s Protective Barrier: Understanding the GAG Layer in Dogs